Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system.

Hayashi H

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Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system.

機(jī)譯：神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中含載脂蛋白E的脂蛋白的形成和功能。

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The strongest known genetic risk factor for the development of late-onset Alzheimer disease is inheritance of the apolipoprotein (apo) E4 (epsilon4 allele) although the mechanisms underlying this connection are still not entirely clear. In this review, we shall discuss the role of apo E in the brain, particularly in relation to Alzheimer disease. Cholesterol transport and homeostasis in the central nervous system (CNS) are separated from that in the peripheral circulation by the blood-brain barrier. However, the brain operates its own lipoprotein transport system that is mediated by high density lipoprotein-sized, apo E-containing lipoproteins that are synthesized and secreted by glial cells (primarily astrocytes). Several ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporters are expressed in the brain, including ABCA1 and ABCG1 which play important roles in the transfer of phospholipids and cholesterol to apo E. The astrocyte-derived apo E-containing lipoproteins can bind to, and be internalized by, receptors of the low density lipoprotein receptor superfamily that are located on the surface of neurons. In addition to these receptors serving as endocytosis receptors for lipoproteins, several of these receptors also act as signaling receptors in neurons and activate pathways involved in axonal growth, as well as neuronal survival. These beneficial pathways appear to be enhanced to a greater extent by apo E3 than by apo E4. Apo E has also been implicated in the deposition of amyloid plaques since apo E3, more readily than apo E4, forms a complex with Ass peptides, and mediates the degradation of amyloid deposits.

機(jī)譯：盡管這種聯(lián)系的潛在機(jī)制尚不十分清楚，但已知的晚期遲發(fā)性阿爾茨海默病發(fā)展最強的遺傳風(fēng)險因素是載脂蛋白（apo）E4（ε4等位基因）的遺傳。在這篇綜述中，我們將討論apo E在大腦中的作用，尤其是與阿爾茨海默氏病有關(guān)的作用。中樞神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)（CNS）中的膽固醇轉(zhuǎn)運和體內(nèi)平衡通過血腦屏障與周圍循環(huán)中的膽固醇分開。但是，大腦運行自己的脂蛋白轉(zhuǎn)運系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)由神經(jīng)膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞（主要是星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞）合成和分泌的高密度脂蛋白大小，含apo E的脂蛋白介導(dǎo)。腦中表達(dá)了幾種ATP結(jié)合盒（ABC）轉(zhuǎn)運蛋白，包括ABCA1和ABCG1，它們在磷脂和膽固醇向apo E的轉(zhuǎn)移中起重要作用。星形膠質(zhì)細(xì)胞衍生的含apo E的脂蛋白可以結(jié)合并被內(nèi)化低密度脂蛋白受體超家族的受體位于神經(jīng)元表面。除了這些受體充當(dāng)脂蛋白的內(nèi)吞受體外，這些受體中的幾種還充當(dāng)神經(jīng)元中的信號傳導(dǎo)受體，并激活與軸突生長以及神經(jīng)元存活有關(guān)的途徑。與Apo E4相比，Apo E3似乎在更大程度上增強了這些有益途徑。由于載脂蛋白E3比載脂蛋白E4更容易形成與Ass肽的復(fù)合物并介導(dǎo)淀粉樣蛋白沉積物的降解，因此載脂蛋白E也與淀粉樣蛋白斑塊的沉積有關(guān)。

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《Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and cell biology of Lipids》 |2010年第8期|共13頁
作者
Hayashi H;
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正文語種 eng
中圖分類生物工程學(xué)（生物技術(shù)）;生物化學(xué);生物物理學(xué);
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1. Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system. [J] . Hayashi H Biochimica et Biophysica Acta. Molecular and cell biology of Lipids . 2010,第8期

機(jī)譯：神經(jīng)系統(tǒng)中含載脂蛋白E的脂蛋白的形成和功能。
2. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins alter the secretion, and the cholesterol-effluxing function, of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoprotein particles from human (THP-1) macrophages. [J] . Lindholm EM, Palmer AM, Graham A The Biochemical Journal . 2001,第Pta2期

機(jī)譯：富含三?；视偷闹鞍讜淖?nèi)耍═HP-1）巨噬細(xì)胞中含載脂蛋白E的脂蛋白顆粒的分泌和膽固醇的排泄功能。
3. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins alter the secretion, and the cholesterol-effluxing function, of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoprotein particles from human (THP-1) macrophages [J] . Lindholm EM., Graham A., Palmer AM. The Biochemical Journal . 2001,第Pta2期

機(jī)譯：富含三酰基甘油的脂蛋白改變?nèi)耍═HP-1）巨噬細(xì)胞中含載脂蛋白E的脂蛋白顆粒的分泌和膽固醇的排泄功能
4. Virtual Reality for Persons with Central Nervous System Dysfunction: Assessment and Treatment in the Information Society for All [C] . Albert A. Rizzo, J. Galen Buckwalter, Maria Schultheis, The Ninth International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction, HCI International 2001, Aug 5-10, 2001, New Orleans, Louisiana U.S.A. . 2001

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5. Molecular mechanisms of a dominant form of type III hyperlipoproteinemia and the biogenesis of apolipoprotein E-containing high density lipoprotein. [D] . Vezeridis, Alexander M. 2011

機(jī)譯：III型高脂蛋白血癥的主要形式和含載脂蛋白E的高密度脂蛋白的生物合成的分子機(jī)制。
6. Residues Leu261 Trp264 and Phe265 Account for Apolipoprotein E-Induced Dyslipidemia and Affect the Formation of Apolipoprotein E-Containing High-Density Lipoprotein [O] . Konstantinos Drosatos, Kyriakos E. Kypreos, Vassilis I. Zannis -1

機(jī)譯：殘留Leu261Trp264和Phe265引起載脂蛋白E致血脂異常并影響載脂蛋白E的高密度脂蛋白的形成
7. Triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins alter the secretion, and the cholesterol-effluxing function, of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoprotein particles from human (THP-1) macrophages. [O] . Lindholm E M, Palmer A M, Graham A 2001

機(jī)譯：富含三?；视偷闹鞍赘淖兞巳祟悾═HP-1）巨噬細(xì)胞中含載脂蛋白E的脂蛋白顆粒的分泌，并改變了膽固醇。

Formation and function of apolipoprotein E-containing lipoproteins in the nervous system.

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